Cutting edge: OX40 inhibits TGF-beta- and antigen-driven conversion of naive CD4 T cells into CD25+Foxp3+ T cells.

Cutting Edge: OX40 Inhibits TGF- - and Antigen-Driven Conversion of Naive CD4 T Cells into CD25 Foxp3 T cells

Conversion of Peripheral CD4+CD25− Naive T Cells to CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells by TGF-β Induction of Transcription Factor Foxp3

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) are instrumental in the maintenance of immunological tolerance. One critical question is whether Treg can only be generated in the thymus or can differentiate from peripheral CD4+CD25- naive T cells. In this paper, we present novel evidence that conversion of naive peripheral CD4+CD25- T cells into anergic/suppressor cells that are CD25+, CD45RB-/low and intr...

Cutting edge: regulatory T cells induce CD4+CD25-Foxp3- T cells or are self-induced to become Th17 cells in the absence of exogenous TGF-beta.

Recent studies have shown that TGF-beta together with IL-6 induce the differentiation of IL-17-producing T cells (Th17) T cells. We therefore examined whether CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells, i.e., cells previously shown to produce TGF-beta, serve as Th17 inducers. We found that upon activation purified CD25(+) T cells (or sorted GFP(+) T cells obtained from Foxp3-GFP knockin mice) pro...

De novo generation and enhanced suppression of human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by retinoic acid.

Therapies based on CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) T regulatory (Treg) cells offer promise for the restoration of tolerance in many immune-mediated disorders. However, it has been proven difficult to obtain large numbers of Treg cells with potent and stable suppressive ability from adult human peripheral blood because of the lack of specific markers for Treg isolation/characterization, compromised functi...

Activin a promotes the TGF-beta-induced conversion of CD4+CD25- T cells into Foxp3+ induced regulatory T cells.

TGF-beta induces the conversion of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells into CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). Activin A is a pleiotropic TGF-beta family member and is expressed in response to inflammatory signals. In this study, we report on the effects of activin A on the conversion of CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells into Foxp3-expressing induced Treg (iTreg). Activin A was able to promote the conversi...